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This is a historical list dealing with women scientists in the 20th century. During this time period, women working in scientific fields were rare. Women at this time faced barriers in higher education and often denied access to scientific institutions; in the Western world, the first-wave feminist movement began to break down many of these ...
The presence of women in science spans the earliest times of the history of science wherein they have made significant contributions. Historians with an interest in gender and science have researched the scientific endeavors and accomplishments of women, the barriers they have faced, and the strategies implemented to have their work peer ...
Invented in 1952 by Virginia Apgar. Disposable diapers. The first disposable diaper was invented in 1946 by Marion Donovan, a professional-turned-housewife who wanted to ensure her children's cloth diapers remained dry while they slept. [12] Donovan patented her design (called 'Boaters') in 1951.
Zulma Brandoni de Gasparini (born 1944), Argentine paleontologist and zoologist. Constanza Ceruti (born 1973), Argentine archaeologist and anthropologist. Rachel Chan (graduated 1988), led group of research scientists to create more drought resistant seed in Argentina. Perla Fuscaldo (born 1941), Argentine egyptologist.
In 1977, she was awarded the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art. [301] 1977: The Association for Women Geoscientists was founded. [302] 1977: Argentine-Canadian scientist Veronica Dahl became the first graduate at Université d'Aix-Marseille II (and one of the first women in the world) to earn a PhD in artificial intelligence. [303]
Irène Joliot-Curie [10] and Dorothy Hodgkin [11] were also nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics, but received a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935 and 1964, respectively. Lise Meitner is the female physicist the most nominated, 16 times for Physics and 14 times for Chemistry. [20]
Barbara McClintock (June 16, 1902 – September 2, 1992) was an American scientist and cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927. There she started her career as the leader of the development of maize cytogenetics, the focus of her ...
Creola Katherine Johnson (née Coleman; August 26, 1918 – February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. crewed spaceflights. [1][2] During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for ...