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Do not do to others what you would not want them to do to you. [is] (…) the single greatest, simplest, and most important moral axiom humanity has ever invented, one which reappears in the writings of almost every culture and religion throughout history, the one we know as the Golden Rule. Moral directives do not need to be complex or obscure ...
Confucius was educated at schools for commoners, where he studied and learned the Six Arts. [21] Confucius was born into the class of shi (士), between the aristocracy and the common people. He is said to have worked in various government jobs during his early 20s, and as a bookkeeper and a caretaker of sheep and horses, using the proceeds to ...
Gates of the wenmiao of Datong, Shanxi. Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, [1] is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy (humanistic or rationalistic), religion, theory of government, or way of life. [2]
Rongo. The Analects, also known as the Sayings of Confucius, is an ancient Chinese philosophical text composed of sayings and ideas attributed to Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been compiled by his followers. The consensus among scholars is that large portions of the text were composed during the Warring States ...
The five most important virtues are benevolence (ren 仁), righteousness (yi 義), propriety (li 禮), wisdom (zhi 智), and trustworthiness (xin 信). The first four virtues were grouped together in the Mengzi. The fifth virtue, xin, was added by Dong Zhongshu. [5] Trustworthiness, or sincerity, is considered the most important of the five ...
Self-cultivation, Confucius expects, is an essential philosophical process for one to become jūnzǐ by maximising rén. He aims to reflect upon a self that is able to compare itself with moral and social principles of tradition. [clarification needed] Confucius does not suffer from the Cartesian "mind-body problem". In Confucianism, there is ...
The Doctrine of the Mean is a text rich with symbolism and guidance to perfecting oneself. The mean is also described as the "unswerving pivot" or zhongyong. Zhong means bent neither one way or another, and yong represents unchanging. [5] In James Legge 's translation of the text, the goal of the mean is to maintain balance and harmony from ...
Filial piety is the virtue of exhibiting love and respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors, particularly within the context of Confucian, Chinese Buddhist, and Daoist ethics. [2] The Confucian Classic of Filial Piety, thought to be written around the late Warring States - Qin - Han period, has historically been the authoritative source ...