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Heinz body stain of feline blood, showing three distinct Heinz bodies. Heinz bodies appear as small round inclusions within the red cell body, though they are not visible when stained with Romanowsky dyes. They are visualized more clearly with supravital staining [5] [6] (e.g., with new methylene blue, crystal violet or bromocresol green).
Pappenheimer bodies (Peripheral Blood / May-Grünwald Giemsa and Prussian blue stain) Pappenheimer bodies are abnormal basophilic granules of iron found inside red blood cells on routine blood stain. [1] They are a type of inclusion body composed of ferritin aggregates, or mitochondria or phagosomes containing aggregated ferritin. They appear ...
Inclusion bodies have a non-unit (single) lipid membrane [citation needed].Protein inclusion bodies are classically thought to contain misfolded protein.However, this has been contested, as green fluorescent protein will sometimes fluoresce in inclusion bodies, which indicates some resemblance of the native structure and researchers have recovered folded protein from inclusion bodies.
One theory regarding dacrocyte formation is that red blood cells containing various inclusions undergo "pitting" by the spleen to remove these inclusions, and in the process, they can be stretched too far to return to their original shape. [2]
Acanthocyte (from the Greek word ἄκανθα acantha, meaning 'thorn'), in biology and medicine, refers to an abnormal form of red blood cell that has a spiked cell membrane, due to thorny projections. [1] [2] A similar term is spur cells. Often they may be confused with echinocytes or schistocytes.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of echinocytes Echinocyte compared to other forms of poikilocytosis. Echinocyte (from the Greek word echinos, meaning 'hedgehog' or 'sea urchin'), in human biology and medicine, refers to a form of red blood cell that has an abnormal cell membrane characterized by many small, evenly spaced thorny projections.
Elevations in target cells are the result of a shift in the exchange equilibrium between the red blood cells and the cholesterol. Also, the surface membrane to volume ratio is increased. Target cells are more resistant to osmotic lysis, which is mostly seen in dogs. Hypochromic cells in iron deficiency anemias also can show a target appearance.
Blood smear showing red blood cells with basophilic stippling. Basophilic stippling, also known as punctate basophilia, is the presence of numerous basophilic granules that are dispersed through the cytoplasm of erythrocytes in a peripheral blood smear. They can be demonstrated to be RNA.