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The reaction of anthracene with N-methylformanilide, also using phosphorus oxychloride, gives 9-anthracenecarboxaldehyde: N -Methylformanilide and anthracene and phosphorus oxychloride In general, the electron-rich arene ( 3 ) must be much more active than benzene for the reaction to proceed; phenols or anilines are good substrates.
The hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide byproducts undergo a secondary reaction to release the byproducts of water and sodium chloride. The overall reaction is thus NaOCl + 2NH 3 → N 2 H 4 + NaCl + H 2 O. Excess ammonia and sodium chloride are removed by distillation, followed by azeotropic distillation with aniline to remove water.
Aniline can react with bromine even in room temperatures in water. Acetyl chloride is added to prevent tribromination. The reaction to form 4-bromoaniline is to protect the amine with acetyl chloride, then hydrolyse back to reform aniline. The largest scale industrial reaction of aniline involves its alkylation with formaldehyde. An idealized ...
A classic named reaction is the Mignonac reaction (1921) [13] involving reaction of a ketone with ammonia over a nickel catalyst. An example of this reaction is the synthesis of 1-phenylethylamine from acetophenone: [14] Reductive amination acetophenone ammonia. Additionally, many systems catalyze reductive aminations with hydrogenation ...
Formyl functional group is shown in blue. Formylation refers to any chemical processes in which a compound is functionalized with a formyl group (-CH=O). In organic chemistry, the term is most commonly used with regards to aromatic compounds (for example the conversion of benzene to benzaldehyde in the Gattermann–Koch reaction).
The first step is a nucleophilic conjugate addition of the amine with the enol to the amine ketone 3 in a reversible reaction. This intermediate then fragments to the imine 4a and the saturated cyclohexanone 4b in a non-reversible reaction and both fragments recombine in a condensation reaction to the conjugated imine 5.
The Suárez modification of the Hofmann–Löffler–Freytag reaction was the basis of the new synthetic method developed by H. Togo et al. [42] [43] The authors demonstrated that various N-alkylsaccharins (N-alkyl-1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one-1,1,-dioxides) 77 are easily prepared in moderate to good yields by the reaction of N-alkyl(o-methyl ...
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.