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The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
The Anglo-Saxon lyre, also known as the Germanic lyre, a rotta, or the Viking lyre, is a large plucked and strummed lyre that was played in Anglo-Saxon England, and more widely, in Germanic regions of northwestern Europe. The oldest lyre found in England dates before 450 AD and the most recent dates to the 10th century.
Lyric" was sometimes sung to the accompaniment of either a string instrument (particularly the lyre or kithara) or a wind instrument (most often the reed pipe called aulos). Whether the accompaniment was a string or wind instrument, the term for such accompanied lyric was melic poetry (from the Greek word for "song" melos). Lyric could also be ...
Carnyx players (bottom right) on a panel from the Gundestrup Cauldron Sculpture depicting a bard with a lyre (Brittany, 2nd century BC). Deductions about the music of the ancient Celts of the La Tène period and their Gallo-Roman and Romano-British descendants of Late Antiquity rely primarily on Greek and Roman sources, as well as on archaeological finds and interpretations including the ...
Music was a normal part of social life in Mesopotamia [14] and was used in many secular contexts. [15] Music played important roles at funerals, [16] among royalty, [17] and was also depicted in relation to sports and sex. [18] Mesopotamian love songs, which represented a distinct genre of music, nevertheless shared features in common with ...
The cithara is said to have been the invention of Apollo, the god of music. [7] Apollo is often depicted playing a cithara instead of a lyre, often dressed in a kitharode ’s formal robes. Kitharoidos , or Citharoedus , is an epithet given to Apollo, which means "lyre-singer" or "one who sings to the lyre".
See Rotte for the psaltery, or Rotta for the plucked lyre.. The crwth (/ k r uː θ / KROOTH, Welsh:), also called a crowd or rote or crotta, is a bowed lyre, a type of stringed instrument, associated particularly with Welsh music, now archaic but once widely played in Europe.
The "Golden Lyre of Ur" or "Bull's Lyre" is the finest lyre, and was given to the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. [10] Its reconstructed wooden body was damaged due to flooding during the Second Iraqi War; [11] [7] a replica of it is being played as part of a touring ensemble. [2] The "Golden Lyre" got its name because the whole head of the bull is ...