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  2. Distance from a point to a line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_from_a_point_to_a...

    Drop a perpendicular from the point P with coordinates (x 0, y 0) to the line with equation Ax + By + C = 0. Label the foot of the perpendicular R . Draw the vertical line through P and label its intersection with the given line S .

  3. Trilinear coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilinear_coordinates

    More generally, if an arbitrary origin is chosen where the Cartesian coordinates of the vertices are known and represented by the vectors ⁠,, ⁠ and if the point P has trilinear coordinates x : y : z, then the Cartesian coordinates of ⁠ ⁠ are the weighted average of the Cartesian coordinates of these vertices using the barycentric ...

  4. Area of a triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_of_a_triangle

    If vertex A is located at the origin (0, 0) of a Cartesian coordinate system and the coordinates of the other two vertices are given by B = (x B, y B) and C = (x C, y C), then the area can be computed as 1 ⁄ 2 times the absolute value of the determinant

  5. Vertex (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_(geometry)

    A vertex of an angle is the endpoint where two lines or rays come together. In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes) is a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet or intersect. As a consequence of this definition, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the corners of polygons and polyhedra are vertices. [1] [2] [3]

  6. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    The coordinates of a point P may change due to either a rotation of the coordinate system CS , or a rotation of the point P . In the latter case, the rotation of P also produces a rotation of the vector v representing P. In other words, either P and v are fixed while CS rotates (alias), or CS is fixed while P and v rotate (alibi). Any given ...

  7. Homogeneous coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous_coordinates

    By contrast, using Cartesian coordinates, translations and perspective projection cannot be expressed as matrix multiplications, though other operations can. Modern OpenGL and Direct3D graphics cards take advantage of homogeneous coordinates to implement a vertex shader efficiently using vector processors with 4-element registers. [19] [20]

  8. Pick's theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pick's_theorem

    Farey sunburst of order 6, with 1 interior (red) and 96 boundary (green) points giving an area of 1 + ⁠ 96 / 2 ⁠ − 1 = 48 [1]. In geometry, Pick's theorem provides a formula for the area of a simple polygon with integer vertex coordinates, in terms of the number of integer points within it and on its boundary.

  9. Distance (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_(graph_theory)

    A peripheral vertex in a graph of diameter d is one whose eccentricity is d —that is, a vertex whose distance from its furthest vertex is equal to the diameter. Formally, v is peripheral if ϵ(v) = d. A pseudo-peripheral vertex v has the property that, for any vertex u, if u is as far away from v as possible, then v is as far away from u as