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  2. Passive infrared sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_infrared_sensor

    PIR motion sensor design. The PIR sensor is typically mounted on a printed circuit board containing the necessary electronics required to interpret the signals from the sensor itself. The complete assembly is usually contained within a housing, mounted in a location where the sensor can cover the area to be monitored.

  3. Hall effect sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall_effect_sensor

    Hall effect current sensor with internal integrated circuit amplifier. 8 mm opening. Zero current output voltage is midway between the supply voltages that maintain a 4 to 8-volt differential. The non-zero current response is proportional to the voltage supplied and is linear to 60 amperes for this particular (25 A) device.

  4. Retinomorphic sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinomorphic_sensor

    Center: circuit diagram of retinomorphic sensor, with photosensitive capacitor at top. Right: Expected transient response of retinomorphic sensor to application of constant illumination. For a capacitor to change its capacitance under illumination, the dielectric constant of the insulator between the plates, [ 13 ] or the effective dimensions ...

  5. Principles of motion sensing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_Motion_Sensing

    Gyroscopes measure the angular rate of rotational movement about one or more axes. Gyroscopes can measure complex motion accurately in multiple dimensions, tracking the position and rotation of a moving object unlike accelerometers which can only detect the fact that an object has moved or is moving in a particular direction.

  6. Piezoelectric sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectric_sensor

    Figure 2. Schematic symbol and circuit incorporating the mechanical–electrical analogy for a piezoelectric sensor. Figure 2's detailed model includes the effects of the sensor's mechanical construction and other non-idealities. [12] The inductance L m is due to the seismic mass and inertia of the sensor itself.

  7. Eddy-current sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy-current_sensor

    Diagram of a coil inducing an eddy current in a conductive plate. The relative motion causes a circulating flow of electrons, or currents, within the conductor. These circulating eddies of current create electromagnets with magnet fields that oppose the effect of applied magnetic field. The stronger the applied magnetic field, or greater the ...

  8. Inductive sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive_sensor

    An inductive sensor is a device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to detect or measure objects. An inductor develops a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it; alternatively, a current will flow through a circuit containing an inductor when the magnetic field through it changes.

  9. Variable reluctance sensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_reluctance_sensor

    A VR sensor used as a simple proximity sensor can determine the position of a mechanical link in a piece of industrial equipment. A crankshaft position sensor (in an automobile engine) is used to provide the angular position of the crankshaft to the engine control unit. The engine control unit can then calculate engine speed (angular velocity).