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A double floor is a floor framed with joists supported by larger timbers.. In traditional timber framing there may be a single set of joists which carry both a floor and ceiling called a single floor (single joist floor, single framed floor) or two sets of joists, one carrying the floor and another carrying the ceiling called a double floor (double framed floor).
As of 2005, approximately 50% of all wood light framed floors used I-joists. [2] [clarification needed] I-joists were designed to help eliminate typical problems that come with using solid lumber as joists. The advantage of I-joists is they are less likely to bow, crown, twist, cup, check, or split as would a piece of dimensional lumber. I ...
The CJ-Series Joists are capable of supporting larger floor or roof loadings due to the attachment of the concrete slab to the top chord of the composite joist. Shear connection between the concrete slab and steel joist is typically made by the welding of shear studs through the steel deck to the underlying CJ-Series Composite Steel Joist. [2]
A waffle slab is flat on top, while joists create a grid like surface on the bottom. The grid is formed by the removal of molds after the concrete sets. This structure was designed to be more solid when used on longer spans and with heavier loads. [3]
During installation, prevent any damage to the bellows by carefully following the instructions furnished by the manufacturer. [18] After installation, carefully inspect the entire piping system to see if any damage occurred during installation, if the expansion joint is in the proper location, and if the expansion joint flow direction and ...
Decorative concrete is the use of concrete as not simply a utilitarian medium for construction but as an aesthetic enhancement to a structure, while still serving its function as an integral part of the building itself such as floors, walls, driveways, and patios. The transformation of concrete into decorative concrete is achieved through the ...