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This narrow layer is found only on the palms and soles. The epidermis of these two areas is known as "thick skin" because with this extra layer, the skin has 5 epidermal layers instead of 4. granular layer (stratum granulosum) Confocal image of the stratum granulosum Keratinocytes lose their nuclei and their cytoplasm appears granular.
The dermis has two layers: the papillary dermis and the reticular layer. The papillary layer is the superficial layer that forms finger-like projections into the epidermis (dermal papillae), [5] and consists of highly vascularized, loose connective tissue. The reticular layer is the deep layer of the dermis and consists of the dense irregular ...
The epidermis, "epi" coming from the Greek language meaning "over" or "upon", is the outermost layer of the skin. It forms the waterproof, protective wrap over the body's surface, which also serves as a barrier to infection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium with an underlying basal lamina.
The stratum corneum (Latin for 'horned layer') is the outermost layer of the epidermis. Consisting of dead tissue, it protects underlying tissue from infection, dehydration, chemicals and mechanical stress. It is composed of 15–20 layers of flattened cells with no nuclei and cell organelles.
The stratum granulosum (or granular layer) is a thin layer of cells in the epidermis lying above the stratum spinosum and below the stratum corneum (stratum lucidum on the soles and palms). [1] Keratinocytes migrating from the underlying stratum spinosum become known as granular cells in this layer.
Keratinocytes are the main cell type of the epidermis. They form several layers of the skin. Life for a keratinocyte begins at the stratum basale layer. Cells here proliferate and move through the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum. The topmost layer is called the stratum corneum. During sloughing, it is this layer that is removed. [1]
The epidermis is composed of the outermost layers of the skin. It forms a protective barrier over the body's surface, responsible for keeping water in the body and preventing pathogens from entering, and is a stratified squamous epithelium , [ 13 ] composed of proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes .
Histologic image showing a section of epidermis. Stratum spinosum labeled slightly below center. The stratum spinosum (or spinous layer/prickle cell layer) [1] is a layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. [2] This layer is composed of polyhedral keratinocytes. [3] [4] These are joined with desmosomes. [3]