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22166 Ensembl ENSG00000136810 ENSMUSG00000028367 UniProt P10599 P10639 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003329 NM_001244938 NM_011660 RefSeq (protein) NP_001231867 NP_003320 NP_035790 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 110.24 – 110.26 Mb Chr 4: 57.94 – 57.96 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Thioredoxin (TRX or TXN) is a class of small redox proteins known to be present in all organisms. It ...
Small changes in cellular oxidant status can be sensed by specific proteins which regulate a set of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Such a global response induces an adaptive metabolism including ROS elimination, the bypass of injured pathways, reparation of oxidative damages and maintenance of reducing power.
Several isozymes are encoded by different genes, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is the most abundant version, found in the cytoplasm of nearly all mammalian tissues, whose preferred substrate is hydrogen peroxide.
Oxidative stress mechanisms in tissue injury. Free radical toxicity induced by xenobiotics and the subsequent detoxification by cellular enzymes (termination).. Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. [1]
Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 / ˌ k oʊ k j uː ˈ t ɛ n /), also known as ubiquinone, is a naturally occurring biochemical cofactor (coenzyme) and an antioxidant produced by the human body. [1] [2] [3] It can also be obtained from dietary sources, such as meat, fish, seed oils, vegetables, and dietary supplements.
Ascorbate peroxidase (or L-ascorbate peroxidase, APX or APEX) (EC 1.11.1.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-ascorbate + H 2 O 2 dehydroascorbate + 2 H 2 O. It is a member of the family of heme-containing peroxidases.
Antioxidative stress is an overabundance of bioavailable antioxidant compounds that interfere with the immune system's ability to neutralize pathogenic threats. The fundamental opposite is oxidative stress, which can lead to such disease states as coronary heart disease or cancer.
Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was a method of measuring antioxidant capacities in biological samples in vitro. [1] [2] Because no physiological proof in vivo existed in support of the free-radical theory or that ORAC provided information relevant to biological antioxidant potential, it was withdrawn in 2012.