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Xuan tu or Hsuan thu (simplified Chinese: 弦图; traditional Chinese: 絃圖; pinyin: xuántú; Wade–Giles: hsüan 2 tʻu 2) is a diagram given in the ancient Chinese astronomical and mathematical text Zhoubi Suanjing indicating a proof of the Pythagorean theorem. [1] Zhoubi Suanjing is one of the oldest Chinese texts on mathematics. The ...
The Tavole Palatine ("Palatine Tables") are the remains of a hexastyle peripteral Greek temple of Magna Graecia the 6th century BC, dedicated to the goddess Hera and the god Apollo. [1] The temple, located near the Bradano river in the south of Italy, was part of a countryside sanctuary and remains of the wall of the temenos and of a very ...
IM 67118, also known as Db 2-146, is an Old Babylonian clay tablet in the collection of the Iraq Museum that contains the solution to a problem in plane geometry concerning a rectangle with given area and diagonal. In the last part of the text, the solution is proved correct using the Pythagorean theorem. The steps of the solution are believed ...
The oldest known multiplication tables were used by the Babylonians about 4000 years ago. [2] However, they used a base of 60. [2] The oldest known tables using a base of 10 are the Chinese decimal multiplication table on bamboo strips dating to about 305 BC, during China's Warring States period. [2] "Table of Pythagoras" on Napier's bones [3]
The tablets also include multiplication tables and methods for solving linear, quadratic equations and cubic equations, a remarkable achievement for the time. [28] Tablets from the Old Babylonian period also contain the earliest known statement of the Pythagorean theorem. [29]
For Pythagorean philosophers, the basic property of numbers was expressed in the harmonious interplay of opposite pairs. Harmony assured the balance of opposite forces. [ 41 ] Pythagoras had in his teachings named numbers and the symmetries of them as the first principle and called these numeric symmetries harmony. [ 42 ]
The oldest known record comes from Plimpton 322, a Babylonian clay tablet from about 1800 BC, written in a sexagesimal number system. [2] When searching for integer solutions, the equation a 2 + b 2 = c 2 is a Diophantine equation. Thus Pythagorean triples are among the oldest known solutions of a nonlinear Diophantine equation.
Pythagoras (c. 570 – c. 495 BC) was credited with many mathematical and scientific discoveries, including the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the Theory of Proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, and the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus.