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Phosphorus tribromide, like PCl 3 and PF 3, has both properties of a Lewis base and a Lewis acid. For example, with a Lewis acid such as boron tribromide it forms stable 1 :1 adducts such as Br 3 B · PBr 3. At the same time PBr 3 can react as an electrophile or Lewis acid in many of its reactions, for example with amines.
Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point? K (? °C), ? Pa Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change of fusion, Δ fus S oJ/(mol·K)
Phosphorus trichloride is a major industrial chemical and widely used starting material for phosphorus chemistry. Phosphorus tribromide is used in organic chemistry to convert alcohols to alkyl bromides and carboxylic acids to acyl bromides ( e.g. in the Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction ).
Phosphoryl bromide is prepared by the reaction between phosphorus pentabromide and phosphorus pentoxide: [4] [5]. 3 PBr 5 + P 2 O 5 → 5 POBr 3. It can also be prepared via the slow addition of liquid bromine to phosphorus tribromide at 0 °C, followed by the slow addition of water and vacuum distillation of the resulting slurry.
Thiophosphoryl bromide can be prepared by heating phosphorus tribromide with phosphorus pentasulfide, or with elemental sulfur in an inert atmosphere at 130 °C. [4] Thiophosphoryl bromide is one product of the bromination of P 4 S 7 in cold carbon disulfide: [1] 3 P 4 S 7 + 12 Br 2 → 2 PBr 3 + 2 PSBr 3 + 2 P 2 S 6 Br 2 + 2 P 2 S 5 Br 4
Tribromide is the anion with the chemical formula Br 3 −, or salts containing it: . Tetrabutylammonium tribromide; Tetrabromophosphonium tribromide; Pyridinium perbromide; Sodium and potassium tribromides can be prepared by reacting NaBr or KBr with aqueous bromine.
Since Lewis adducts are formed by dative bond between Lewis bases and Lewis acids, the orbital overlap between the Lewis base and σ*(Sb–X) orbital is the source of the acidity. According to Gabbaï et al., NBO analysis of the Sb(C 6 F 5) 3 P(O)Ph 3 adduct indicates a donor-acceptor interaction between lp(O) and σ*(Sb–C 6 F 5). [7] [8]
Phosphorus triiodide (PI 3) is an inorganic compound with the formula PI 3. A red solid, it is too unstable to be stored for long periods of time; it is, nevertheless, commercially available. [ 2 ] It is widely used in organic chemistry for converting alcohols to alkyl iodides and also serves as a powerful reducing agent.