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The first report of an exoplanet within this range was in 1998 for a planet orbiting around Gliese 876 (15.3 light-years (ly) away), and the latest as of 2024 is one around Struve 2398 A (11.5 ly). The closest exoplanets are those found orbiting the star closest to the Solar System, which is Proxima Centauri 4.25 light-years away
Proxima Centauri b is the closest exoplanet to Earth, [19] at a distance of about 4.2 ly (1.3 parsecs). [4] It orbits Proxima Centauri every 11.186 Earth days at a distance of about 0.049 AU, [1] over 20 times closer to Proxima Centauri than Earth is to the Sun. [20] As of 2021, it is unclear whether it has an eccentricity [e] [23] but Proxima Centauri b is unlikely to have any obliquity. [24]
In 2023, astronomers used the radial velocity method to confirm that the exoplanet Wolf 1069 b sits in the habitable zone of Wolf 1069. Located 31 light years from Earth, this planet is 1.26 times the mass of Earth and has a radius of 1.08 times the Earth's. Though Wolf 1069 b is likely tidally locked, its daylight side may still be habitable.
The planet, dubbed Proxima b because it orbits Proxima Centauri, is thought to be a rocky and slightly more massive than Earth -- but that's not all. Scientists discover Earth-like planet orbiting ...
HD 219134 b is the closest exoplanet to Earth to be detected transiting in front of its star. The planet has a mass 4.5 times that of Earth, a radius about 1.6 times that of Earth, with a three-day orbit around its star. Combining the size and mass gives it a density of 6 g/cm 3, confirming that it is a rocky planet. [84] [85] [86]
Last year, astronomers discovered an Earth-like planet orbiting Proxima Centauri, the next closest star to our own solar system, which rests about four light-years away.
Title Planet Star Data Notes Most massive The most massive planet is difficult to define due to the blurry line between planets and brown dwarfs.If the borderline is defined as the deuterium fusion threshold (roughly 13 M J at solar metallicity [21] [b]), the most massive planets are those with true mass closest to that cutoff; if planets and brown dwarfs are differentiated based on formation ...
Nearest F-type main sequence star with a multiplanetary system. Second-brightest star in the night sky with a multiplanetary system after 7 Canis Majoris. All exoplanets orbit around star A in the binary system. 47 Ursae Majoris: Ursa Major: 10 h 59 m 27.97 s +40° 25′ 48.9″ 5.10: 46: G0V: 1.029: 5892: 7.434: 3