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Some studies showed a low vaccination rate against some Vaccine-preventable disease among patients taking immunosuppressive drugs, despite a generally positive attitude towards vaccinations. [13] There are also other side-effects, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, peptic ulcers, lipodystrophy, moon face, liver injury and kidney ...
Azathioprine, sold under the brand name Imuran, among others, is an immunosuppressive medication. [5] It is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus; and in kidney transplants to prevent rejection.
A TNF inhibitor is a pharmaceutical drug that suppresses the physiologic response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is part of the inflammatory response.TNF is involved in autoimmune and immune-mediated disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa and refractory asthma, so TNF inhibitors may be used in their ...
Azathioprine White blood cells (and red blood cells). Administration of immunosuppressive medications or immunosuppressants is the main method for deliberately inducing immunosuppression; in optimal circumstances, immunosuppressive drugs primarily target hyperactive components of the immune system. [5]
Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is a calcineurin inhibitor, used as an immunosuppressant medication.It is taken orally or intravenously for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease, nephrotic syndrome, eczema, and in organ transplants to prevent rejection.
Leflunomide, sold under the brand name Arava among others, is an immunosuppressive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug , [8] used in active moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. It is a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor that works by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. [9] Bottle of Leflunomide (Arava) and tablet
It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1995 following the discovery of its immunosuppressive properties in the 1990s. [13] [14] It is available as a generic medication. [16] In 2022, it was the 227th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. [17] [18]
Sulfasalazine is in the disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) family of medications. [5] It is unclear exactly how it works. [5] One proposed mechanism is the inhibition of prostaglandins, resulting in local anti-inflammatory effects in the colon. [4] The medication is broken down by intestinal bacteria into sulfapyridine and 5 ...