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White Americans, as the largest racial group in the United States, have historically had better health outcomes than oppressed racial groups in America. [1] However, in recent years, the scholarly discourse has switched from recognition of the immense positive health outcomes of white Americans towards understanding the growing persistence of negative outcomes unique to this racial group.
For racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, health disparities take on many forms, including higher rates of chronic disease, premature death, and maternal mortality compared to the rates among whites. For example, African Americans are 2–3 times more likely to die as a result of pregnancy-related complications than white Americans ...
Elderly populations in the UK also experience discrimination in the form of neglect and financial exploitation. [103] A meta-analysis of U.S.- and UK-based studies on the impact of ageism found associations with poorer mental health, well-being, physical and cognitive functioning, and survival chances. Research also finds that exposure to ...
Like earlier reports on health disparities in the United Kingdom including the Black Report and the Whitehall Study, the Acheson report demonstrates the existence of health disparities and their relationship to social class. Among the report's findings are that despite an overall downward trend in mortality from 1970 to 1990, the upper social ...
The Biden administration provided vaccines from state stockpiles to community health clinics, put federal clinics in those communities, and "helped local organizations set up clinics at churches, barbershops and beauty salons." By the end of 2021, Covid death rates among Black and Latino Americans were generally lower than those of white Americans.
Poor health outcomes appear to be an effect of economic inequality across a population. Nations and regions with greater economic inequality show poorer outcomes in life expectancy, [31]: Figure 1.1 mental health, [31]: Figure 5.1 drug abuse, [31]: Figure 5.3 obesity, [31]: Figure 7.1 educational performance, teenage birthrates, and ill health due to violence.
In terms of mental health, African Americans report lower rates of overall life satisfaction, as well as heightened depressive symptoms and substance abuse compared to Whites. [83] [84] Distal stressors have been linked to these health disparities among African Americans.
England aimed to introduce interventions to reduce health inequalities, the strategy was based on two steps. [13] In 1999, the first step which involved the Department of Health publishing "Reducing health inequalities: an action inequalities in Health", which was the governments response to recommendations made in the "independent inquiry into ...