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The Himalayas border the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the south, Pamir Mountains to the west in Central Asia, and the Hengduan Mountains to the east on the China–Myanmar border. From east to west the Himalayas are divided into 3 regions, Eastern Himalaya , Central Himalaya, and Western Himalaya, which collectively house several nations and states .
The Himalayas and the Central Asian mountain ranges consist of the third-largest deposit of ice and snow in the world, after the Antarctic and Arctic regions. [46] It is often referred to as the "Third Pole" as it encompasses about 15,000 glaciers, which store about 12,000 km 3 (2,900 cu mi) of fresh water.
The ecology of the Himalayas varies with climate, rainfall, altitude, and soils. The climate ranges from tropical at the base of the mountains to permanent ice and snow at the highest elevations. The climate ranges from tropical at the base of the mountains to permanent ice and snow at the highest elevations.
Illustration of mountains that developed on a fold that thrusted. Mountain formation occurs due to a variety of geological processes associated with large-scale movements of the Earth's crust (tectonic plates). [1] Folding, faulting, volcanic activity, igneous intrusion and metamorphism can all be parts of the orogenic process of mountain ...
The Sub-Himalayan Sequence borders the Indo-Gangetic Floodplain along the Himalayan Frontal Fault and is dominated by thick Late Tertiary mollassic deposits known as the Siwaliks that resulted from the accumulating fluvial deposits on the southern front of the evolving Himalaya. In Nepal, it extends throughout the country from east to west in ...
These chaotic pileups have happened many times in Earth’s history, including 350 million to 400 million years ago in a process that created the Appalachian Mountains, but modern examples are ...
Rock/snow/ice climb Ama Dablam is a mountain in the eastern Himalayan range of Koshi Province , Nepal. The main peak is 6,812 metres (22,349 ft), the lower western peak is 6,170 metres (20,243 ft).
The Himalayan mountain chain is a fold and thrust belt that can be divided into four units bounded by thrusts from south to north: the Sub-Himalaya, Lesser Himalaya, Greater Himalaya and Tethyan Himalaya. [1] The Lesser Himalayan Zone has a lower relief and elevation of the mountains compared to Greater Himalaya.