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In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction (x i) or the mass fraction (w i) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram.It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.
Aluminum-silicon phase diagram. Aluminum forms a eutectic with silicon, which is at 577 °C, with a Si content of 12.5% [7] or 12.6%. [8] Up to 1.65% Si can be dissolved in aluminum at this temperature. However, the solubility decreases rapidly with temperature. At 500 °C it is still 0.8% Si, at 400 °C 0.3% Si and at 250 °C only 0.05% Si.
English: Aluminium silicon binary phase diagram for foundry. α: solid solution of silicon in aluminium (cfc, a = 4.04 Å); β: solid solution of aluminium in silicon (cfc, a = 5.43 Å). In the case of Alpax, the eutectic is shifted to 12.1 at% Si (12.5 wt%) due to the presence of sodium.
A phase diagram for a binary system displaying a eutectic point. Other much more complex types of phase diagrams can be constructed, particularly when more than one pure component is present. In that case, concentration becomes an important variable. Phase diagrams with more than two dimensions can be constructed that show the effect of more ...
A phase diagram for a fictitious binary chemical mixture (with the two components denoted by A and B) used to depict the eutectic composition, temperature, and point. ( L denotes the liquid state.) A eutectic system or eutectic mixture ( / j uː ˈ t ɛ k t ɪ k / yoo- TEK -tik ) [ 1 ] is a type of a homogeneous mixture that has a melting point ...
Equilibrium exists at the solid-liquid interface, and so compositions from the phase diagram are valid Solidus and liquidus are straight segments The fourth condition (straight solidus/liquidus segments) may be relaxed when numerical techniques are used, such as those used in CALPHAD software packages, though these calculations rely on ...
This could ease the theoretical phase diagram generation of multicomponent systems. For alloys containing transition metal elements there is a difficulty in interpretation of the Hume-Rothery electron concentration rule, as the values of e/a values (number of itinerant electrons per atom) for transition metals have been quite controversial for ...
English: An phase diagram designed to explain the lever rule. Based on an image from Smith, William F.; Hashemi, Javad (2006), Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering (4th ed.), McGraw-Hill, p. 319, ISBN 0-07-295358-6.