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The free school movement, also known as the new schools or alternative schools movement, was an American education reform movement during the 1960s and early 1970s that sought to change the aims of formal schooling through alternative, independent community schools.
Summerhill: A Radical Approach to Child Rearing is a book about the English boarding school Summerhill School by its headmaster A. S. Neill. It is known for introducing his ideas to the American public. It was published in America on November 7, 1960, by the Hart Publishing Company and later revised as Summerhill School: A New View of Childhood ...
Many schools opened based on Summerhill, especially in America in the 1960s. [6] A common challenge was to implement Neill's dictum of "freedom, not licence": "A free school is not a place where you can run roughshod over other people. It's a place that minimises the authoritarian elements and maximises the development of community and really ...
He joined a Dresden school in 1921 and founded Summerhill on returning to England in 1924. Summerhill gained renown in the 1930s and then in the 1960s–1970s, due to progressive and counter-culture interest. Neill wrote 20 books. His top seller was the 1960 Summerhill, read widely in the free school movement from the 1960s.
By 1960 there were just 25 pupils at the school. At this point, Ena May Neill's husband had his book on the ethos and practices of the school, Summerhill, published; it was highly successful, selling two million copies, re-popularising his approach and raising the school's profile. [1] [5]
This list excludes Chicago. Closed in 1960: Wilmette Mallinckrodt High School [72] Closed in 1968: Aurora Roncalli High School for Boys and Madonna Catholic High School consolidated to form Aurora Central Catholic High School. [citation needed] Closed in 1969: St. George High School [73] St. Patrick Academy (Des Plaines) [74]
The Collaberg School (originally known as the Barker School) founded in 1961 was the first 'free school' in the United States based on the model of the Summerhill School in England. The school was located in Stony Point, 30 miles (48 km) from New York City. Collaberg School enrolled between 25 and 50 students from kindergarten through high ...
A widespread movement of free schools developed in the 1960s, inspired by A. S. Neill’s publications on his Summerhill School, George Dennison’s publications on the progressive First Street School, and the general progressive climate of the 1970s. This movement was largely renounced by the conservative period of the 1980s.