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In contrast to August von Berlepsch's frame-movable, side-opened hive (May 1852, Germany), Langstroth's hive was top-opened, as was the Bevan top-bar hive (1848, UK). These combined adaptations led to the Langstroth hive design being preferred by beekeepers over all others, and variations on his hive are used throughout the world.
An example of the tub shaped top-bar hive is the so-called Greek hive that was first described in the 17th century and has been used in Crete until recently. Tub shaped top-bar hives are usually small enough to be portable, and allow beekeeping methods that involve periodic merging and splitting of colonies.
The management technique that yields the highest amount of wax per hive is the top-bar hive. During the harvest of the honey from top-bar hives the whole honey comb is removed and crushed to extract the honey. The commercial honey producers use Langstroth hive frames. The honey extraction process yields beeswax from the uncapping process.
Empty Langstroth hive frames with thick top bars. A Langstroth hive – stackable boxes opened from the top – is usually made to hold eight or ten frames per box, spaced about 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (38 mm) center to center. The frames are made of wood or plastic. The dimensions of the frames also vary.
Langstroth revolutionized the beekeeping industry by using bee space in his top-opening hive. In the summer of 1851, he found that by leaving an even, approximately bee-sized space between the top of the frames holding the honeycomb and the flat coverboard above, he was able to remove the coverboard quite easily, which was normally well ...
It is a modular and storied design similar to a Langstroth hive. The hive body is made of boxes stacked vertically; however, it uses top bars for comb support instead of full frames similar to a Top-Bar Hive, as a general rule. The popularity of this hive is growing among 'sustainable-practice' beekeepers. [38]
Top-bar stackable hives use top bars instead of full frames. The most common type is the Warre hive, although any hive with hanging frames can be converted into a top-bar stackable hive by using only the top bar rather than the whole frame. This may work less well with larger frames, where crosscomb and attachment can occur more readily.
The National frames have a long top-bar to the frame (17 in or 430 mm) giving them long lugs of 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (38 mm) that rest on the runners. In its original form, the National hive provides 3 ⁄ 8 in (9.5 mm) bottom beespace—that is, the top surface of the frame bar is flush with the top of the box, and the lower surface of the frame is ...