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In typography, the point is the smallest unit of measure. It is used for measuring font size, leading, and other items on a printed page. The size of the point has varied throughout printing's history. Since the 18th century, the size of a point has been between 0.18 and 0.4 millimeters.
As books are most often printed with proportional fonts, cpp of a given font is usually a fractional number. For example, an 11-point font (like Helvetica) may have 2.4 cpp, [5] [6] thus a 5-inch (30-pica) line of a usual octavo-sized (6×8 in) book page would contain around 72 characters (including spaces). [7] [8]
For example, "agate" and "ruby" used to be a single size "agate ruby" of about 5 points; [2] metal type known as "agate" later ranged from 5 to 5.8 points. The sizes were gradually standardized as described above. [3] Modern Chinese typography uses the following names in general preference to stating the number of points.
In typography, the body height or point size refers to the height of the space in which a glyph is defined. The metal sort: b is the body or shank, c is the body height or font size. Originally, in metal typesetting, the body height or the font (or point) size was defined by the height of the lead cuboid on which the actual font face is moulded.
The font size thus acquired the name cicero. It is 1 ⁄ 6 of the historical French inch, and is divided into 12 points, [2] known in English as French points or Didot points. The unit of the cicero is similar to an English pica, although the French inch was slightly larger than the English inch. There are about 1.066 picas to a cicero; a pica ...
Times Ten is a version specially designed for smaller text (12-point and below). It features wider characters and stronger hairlines. [ 126 ] [ 127 ] In 2004 prominent typeface designer Erik Spiekermann said that he believed that it was the best Times New Roman digitisation then available.
For example, when setting Helvetica at 12 point, the em square defined in the Helvetica font is scaled to 12 points or 1 ⁄ 6 in or 4.2 mm. Yet no particular element of 12-point Helvetica need measure exactly 12 points. Frequently measurement in non-typographic units (feet, inches, meters) will be of the cap-height, the height of the capital ...
The most widespread fonts in typewriters are 10 and 12 pitch, called Pica and Elite, respectively. [1] [2] [3] Both fonts have the same x-height, yielding six lines per vertical inch. [3] There may be other font styles with various width: condensed or compressed (17–20 cpi), italic or bold (10 pitch), enlarged (5–8 cpi), and so on.