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The solubility measurements of CFC-11 and CFC-12 have been previously measured by Warner and Weiss [73] Additionally, the solubility measurement of CFC-113 was measured by Bu and Warner [74] and SF 6 by Wanninkhof et al. [75] and Bullister et al. [76] Theses authors mentioned above have expressed the solubility (F) at a total pressure of 1 atm as:
Trichlorofluoromethane, also called freon-11, CFC-11, or R-11, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). It is a colorless, faintly ethereal, and sweetish-smelling liquid that boils around room temperature. [5] CFC-11 is a Class 1 ozone-depleting substance which damages Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer. [6]
Its main source remained uncertain, but production of hydrofluorocarbons in East Asia was suspected. [4] Between 2012 and 2017, concentrations of the gas jumped by 40 percent. [5] In 2020, the global mean concentration of CFC-113a was 1.02 parts per trillion with global emissions of 2.5 ± 0.4 ODP-Gg yr −1. [6]
Although the Montreal Protocol regulates the phasing out of HCFCs, there was no international agreement on the regulation of HFCs until late 2016 when the Kigali Amendment under the Montreal Protocol was signed, which has put compulsory phase wise phasing out of CFC gases. Efforts are ongoing to develop a global approach for the control of HFCs.
CFC refrigerants contain carbon, fluorine, and chlorine and become a significant source of inorganic chlorine in the stratosphere after their photolytic decomposition by UV radiation. Released chlorine also becomes active in destroying the ozone layer. [ 4 ]
By now, production of CFC-11 is supposed to be at or near zero. Scientists spent years campaigning for a ban on the ozone-damaging chemical CFC-11, but 30 years after it was phased out in the 1987 ...
It is a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant. In compliance with the Montreal Protocol , its manufacture was banned in developed countries (non-article 5 countries) in 1996, and in developing countries (Article 5 countries) in 2010 out of concerns about its damaging effect on the ozone layer ...
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, also known as CFC-113a, is one of four man-made chemicals newly discovered in the atmosphere by a team at the University of East Anglia. CFC-113a is the only known CFC whose abundance in the atmosphere is still growing. Its source remains a mystery, but illegal manufacturing is suspected by some.