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Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z b ɜːr ɡ /, German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ; lit. ' King's mountain '; Polish: Królewiec; Lithuanian: Karaliaučius; Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs; Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyónigsberg, IPA: [ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbʲɪrk]) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
Today the overwhelming majority of Kaliningrad's residents are Russians settled after 1945, and their descendants. A minority of the population are from other Slavic ethnic groups, including Belarusians and Ukrainians. Kaliningrad today is also home to small communities of Tatars, Germans, Armenians, Poles, and Lithuanians.
Today, Kaliningrad is part of Russia. The centre square of Kaliningrad resides on the site of the castle which, despite its name, actually lies to the southeast of the town centre. Adjacent to the centre square on the filled-in moat is the "House of Soviets", [9] which in 1960 was intended to be the central administration building. Continuation ...
1813 – Koenigsberg Observatory built. 1814 – Carl Friedrich Horn becomes mayor. 1826 – Johann Friedrich List becomes mayor. 1828 – Royal and University Library formed. [23] 1830 – Population: 54,000. [2] 1831 – Polish poet Wincenty Pol interned in the city following the unsuccessful Polish November Uprising. He wrote his first poems ...
Demolition of the Bell tower with explosives, 1959. The Bell tower in Königsberg (built by the architect Stüler) was a bell tower of the Schlosskirche (Königsberg).After being largely destroyed in World War II by Allied Forces and then annexed by the Soviet Union thereafter, the city was renamed Kaliningrad, and few traces of the former Königsberg remain today.
Altstadt, the center of medieval Königsberg, came to be bordered by Kneiphof to the south, Lomse to the southeast, Löbenicht to the east, Königsberg Castle to the north, Steindamm and Neurossgarten to the northwest, Laak to the west, and Lastadie to the southwest.
Heiligenbeil (Mamonovo today) Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warmiński between 1466-1772 and since 1945) Königsberg i. Pr. Labiau (Polessk today) Mohrungen (Morąg today) Preußisch Eylau (Bagrationovsk today, Ilawka between 1945 and 1946) Preußisch Holland (Pasłęk today) Rastenburg (Kętrzyn today, Rastembork between 1945 and 1950) Wehlau (Znamensk ...
A first smaller Catholic cathedral was erected in the Königsberg Altstadt between 1297 and 1302. After the Samland bishop Johann Clare had acquired the eastern part of Kneiphof island from the Teutonic Knights in 1322, he and his cathedral chapter had a new see built at the site and ensured its autonomy by a 1333 treaty with Grand Master Luther von Braunschweig.