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To reduce this loss these antennas often use a conductive copper ground screen under the antenna connected to the buried ground wires, either lying on the ground or elevated a few feet, to shield the ground from the electric field. In a few cases where rocky or sandy soil has too high a resistance for a buried ground, a counterpoise is used. [11]
A somewhat similar system called "concentric wiring" was introduced in the United States around 1905. In this system, an insulated electrical wire was wrapped with copper tape which was then soldered, forming the grounded (return) conductor of the wiring system. The bare metal sheath, at earth potential, was considered safe to touch.
Fittings for non-threaded conduits are either secured with set screws or with a compression nut that encircles the conduit. Fittings for general purpose use with metal conduits may be made of die-cast zinc, but where stronger fittings are needed, they are made of copper-free aluminum or cast iron. Couplings connect two pieces of conduit together.
A cable gland provides strain-relief and connects by a means suitable for the type and description of cable for which it is designed—including provision for making electrical connection to the armour or braid and lead or aluminium sheath of the cable, if any.
A compression fitting 15 mm isolating valve. A compression fitting is a fitting used in plumbing and electrical conduit systems to join two tubes or thin-walled pipes together. . In instances where two pipes made of dissimilar materials are to be joined (most commonly PVC and copper), the fittings will be made of one or more compatible materials appropriate for the connect
NEC 2008 400.22(f) allows surface marking with ridged, grooves or white stripes on the surface of lamp cord. With transparent cord the hot wire is copper colored, and the neutral is silver colored. Grounding wire of circuit may be bare or identified insulated wire of green or green having yellow stripes. All metallic systems in a building are ...
A ground connection that is missing or of inadequate capacity may not provide the protective functions as intended during a fault in the connected equipment. Extra connections between ground and circuit neutral may result in circulating current in the ground path, stray current introduced in the earth or in a structure, and stray voltage.
Also, comparatively, more copper wire can fit in a given conduit than conductors with lower conductivities. This greater wire fill is a special advantage when a system is rewired or expanded. [17] Copper building wire is compatible with brass and quality plated screws. The wire provides connections that will not corrode or creep.