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  2. Four factor formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_factor_formula

    The four-factor formula, also known as Fermi's four factor formula is used in nuclear engineering to determine the multiplication of a nuclear chain reaction in an infinite medium. Four-factor formula: k ∞ = η f p ε {\displaystyle k_{\infty }=\eta fp\varepsilon } [ 1 ]

  3. Burnup - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnup

    In nuclear power technology, burnup is a measure of how much energy is extracted from a given amount of nuclear fuel. [1] It may be measured as the fraction of fuel atoms that underwent fission in %FIMA (fissions per initial heavy metal atom) [2] or %FIFA (fissions per initial fissile atom) [3] as well as the actual energy released per mass of initial fuel in gigawatt-days/metric ton of heavy ...

  4. Nuclear fission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission

    The latter figure means that a nuclear fission explosion or criticality accident emits about 3.5% of its energy as gamma rays, less than 2.5% of its energy as fast neutrons (total of both types of radiation ~6%), and the rest as kinetic energy of fission fragments (this appears almost immediately when the fragments impact surrounding matter, as ...

  5. Six factor formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_factor_formula

    The multiplication factor, k, is defined as (see nuclear chain reaction): k = ⁠ number of neutrons in one generation / number of neutrons in preceding generation ⁠. If k is greater than 1, the chain reaction is supercritical, and the neutron population will grow exponentially.

  6. List of equations in nuclear and particle physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations_in...

    E B = binding energy, a v = nuclear volume coefficient, a s = nuclear surface coefficient, a c = electrostatic interaction coefficient, a a = symmetry/asymmetry extent coefficient for the numbers of neutrons/protons,

  7. Nuclear reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_reaction

    Natural nuclear reactions occur in the interaction between cosmic rays and matter, and nuclear reactions can be employed artificially to obtain nuclear energy, at an adjustable rate, on-demand. Nuclear chain reactions in fissionable materials produce induced nuclear fission. Various nuclear fusion reactions of light elements power the energy ...

  8. Nuclear fission product - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fission_product

    The largest source of fission products is from nuclear reactors. In current nuclear power reactors, about 3% of the uranium in the fuel is converted into fission products as a by-product of energy generation. Most of these fission products remain in the fuel unless there is fuel element failure or a nuclear accident, or the fuel is reprocessed.

  9. Fission product yield - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission_product_yield

    Fission product yields by mass for thermal neutron fission of U-235, Pu-239, a combination of the two typical of current nuclear power reactors, and U-233 used in the thorium fuel cycle If a graph of the mass or mole yield of fission products against the atomic number of the fragments is drawn then it has two peaks, one in the area zirconium ...