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Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. [1] In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints . Symptoms
Fluorosis becomes possible above this recommended dosage. As of 2015, the United States Health and Human Services Department recommends a maximum of 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water – updating and replacing the previous recommended range of 0.7 to 1.2 milligrams issued in 1962. The new recommended level is intended to reduce the ...
Roholm conducted laboratory studies, interviewed cryolite workers, visited factories, and documented the progression of fluorine poisoning in humans and animals from gastrointestinal upsets, neurological disorders, and bleeding gums to the advanced cases of skeletal fluorosis and crippling arthritis.
Some lower quality brands can supply up to a 120% of this amount. Fasting can increase this to 150%. The study indicates that tea drinking communities are at an increased risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis, in the case where water fluoridation is in effect. [29] Fluoride ion in low doses in the mouth reduces tooth decay. [30]
Fluorosis may refer to: Dental fluorosis , a disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development. Skeletal fluorosis , a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones
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Although the best available evidence shows no association with adverse effects other than fluorosis (dental and, in worse cases, skeletal), most of which is mild, [7] water fluoridation has been contentious for ethical, safety, and efficacy reasons, [6] and opposition to water fluoridation exists despite its widespread support by public health ...
Osteoporosis, a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and increased risk of fractures, is a major concern in bone health, particularly among older adults. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Maintaining good bone health involves a combination of adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding risk factors ...