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The war coincided with the period of economic supremacy known as the Dutch Golden Age, and by 1640, many Dutch statesmen viewed French ambitions in the Spanish Netherlands as a threat. [14] Unlike France, Swedish war aims were restricted to Germany, and in 1641, the Swedes considered a separate peace with Emperor Ferdinand III .
The following list of French general officers (Peninsular War) lists the générals (général de brigade and général de division) and maréchals d'Empire, that is, the French general officers who served in the First French Empire's Grande Armée in Spain and Portugal during the Peninsular War (1808–1814). The rank given refers to that held ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 January 2025. 1807–1814 war against Napoleon in Iberia Not to be confused with the French invasion of Spain in 1823. Peninsular War Part of the Napoleonic Wars Peninsular war Clockwise from top left: The Third of May 1808 Battle of Somosierra Battle of Bayonne Disasters of War prints by Goya Date 2 ...
On 30 September Cádiz surrendered and on 3 October more than 4,600 French troops landed at its port. The French army fired its last shots in Spain at the start of November. On 5 November, the Duke of Angoulême left Madrid and re-entered France on 23 November, leaving behind an occupying force of 45,000 men under the command of Bourmont. Spain ...
Map (1868) of the first siege of Zaragoza. The 1808 siege of Zaragoza (also called Saragossa) was a bloody struggle in the Peninsular War.A French army under General Lefebvre-Desnouettes and subsequently commanded by General Jean-Antoine Verdier besieged, repeatedly stormed, and was repulsed from the Spanish city of Zaragoza in the summer of 1808.
The Dos de Mayo or Second of May Uprising took place in Madrid, Spain, on 2–3 May 1808.The rebellion, mainly by civilians, with some isolated military action [4] by junior officers, was against the occupation of the city by French troops, and was violently repressed by the French Imperial forces, [5] with hundreds of public executions.
[3] [4] The French troops in the citadel of Calais resisted for a few days more but finally, on 24 April, the Spanish troops led by Don Luis de Velasco y Velasco, Count of Salazar, assaulted and captured the fortress, achieving a complete victory. [4] The Spanish success was the first action of the campaign of Archduke Albert of 1596. [2]
By summer 1811, French commanders had deployed 70,000 troops solely to keep lines open between Madrid and the border with France, [17] figure which, by 1812, had grown to 200,000 troops, of a total of 350,000 French soldiers in Iberia, simply protecting lines of supply rather than serving as front-line troops. [22]