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  2. Humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanism

    Humanism is a democratic and ethical life stance, which affirms that human beings have the right and responsibility to give meaning and shape to their own lives. It stands for the building of a more humane society through an ethic based on human and other natural values in the spirit of reason and free inquiry through human capabilities.

  3. Rationalist humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationalist_humanism

    Rationalist humanism, or rational humanism or rationalistic humanism, [1] is one of the strands of Age of Enlightenment. [2] It had its roots in Renaissance humanism, as a response to Middle Age religious integralism and obscurantism. [1] Rationalist humanism tradition includes Tocqueville and Montesquieu, and in the 19th century, Élie Halévy ...

  4. Renaissance humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_humanism

    Renaissance humanism is a worldview centered on the nature and importance of humanity that emerged from the study of Classical antiquity.. Renaissance humanists sought to create a citizenry able to speak and write with eloquence and clarity, and thus capable of engaging in the civic life of their communities and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions.

  5. Transcendental humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_humanism

    The term Humanism was first used by a German educationist in 1808. [34] [35] Humanism is a rational philosophy that seeks to understand the universe through science and inquiry-logical reasoning. [7] Definitions of humanism have continued to evolve since its emergence as it is applied in different philosophical, cultural, and political contexts ...

  6. Secular humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secular_humanism

    Rather, the humanist life stance emphasizes the unique responsibility facing humanity and the ethical consequences of human decisions. Fundamental to the concept of secular humanism is the strongly held viewpoint that ideology—be it religious or political—must be thoroughly examined by each individual and not simply accepted or rejected on ...

  7. Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment

    A great number of the entries were dedicated to describing the sciences and crafts in detail and provided intellectuals across Europe with a high-quality survey of human knowledge. In d'Alembert's Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot, the work's goal to record the extent of human knowledge in the arts and sciences is outlined:

  8. Human science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_science

    Human science is an objective, informed critique of human existence and how it relates to reality.Underlying human science is the relationship between various humanistic modes of inquiry within fields such as history, sociology, folkloristics, anthropology, and economics and advances in such things as genetics, evolutionary biology, and the ...

  9. Christian humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_humanism

    Incarnational humanism is a type of Christian humanism which places central importance on the Incarnation, the belief that Jesus Christ was truly and fully human. In this context, divine revelation from God independent of the Incarnation is seen as untrustworthy precisely because it is exempt from the vagaries of human discourse.