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Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates matter of the Standard Model into the framework established for the intrinsic quantum gravity case. It is an attempt to develop a quantum theory of gravity based directly on Albert Einstein 's geometric formulation rather than the treatment of gravity as a mysterious ...
(Later, loop quantum gravity inherited this geometric interpretation of gravity, and posits that a quantum theory of gravity is fundamentally a quantum theory of spacetime.) In the 1920s, the French mathematician Élie Cartan formulated Einstein's theory in the language of bundles and connections, [ 1 ] a generalization of Riemannian geometry ...
Quantum gravity (QG) is a field of theoretical physics that seeks to describe gravity according to the principles of quantum mechanics.It deals with environments in which neither gravitational nor quantum effects can be ignored, [1] such as in the vicinity of black holes or similar compact astrophysical objects, as well as in the early stages of the universe moments after the Big Bang.
In loop quantum gravity (LQG), a spin network represents a "quantum state" of the gravitational field on a 3-dimensional hypersurface. The set of all possible spin networks (or, more accurately, "s-knots" – that is, equivalence classes of spin networks under diffeomorphisms) is countable; it constitutes a basis of LQG Hilbert space.
The effective dynamics approach has been extensively used in loop quantum cosmology to describe physics at the Planck scale and the very early universe. Rigorous numerical simulations have confirmed the validity of the effective dynamics, which provides an excellent approximation to the full loop quantum dynamics. [10]
Map of Loop Quantum Gravity people and research groups. Centre de Physique Théorique, Marseille, France; Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, Penn State, United States; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Canada; Quantum Gravity Group IMATE UNAM, Morelia, México.
In relativistic physics, Lorentz invariance states that the laws of physics should remain unchanged under Lorentz transformation.In quantum gravity, Lorentz invariance measures the universal features in the hypothetical loop quantum gravity universes; which is a hypothetical theory that explains the quantum theory of gravity based on a geometrical interpretation of the theory of relativity.
Abhay Vasant Ashtekar (born 5 July 1949) is an Indian theoretical physicist who created Ashtekar variables and is one of the founders of loop quantum gravity and its subfield loop quantum cosmology. [2] Ashtekar has also written a number of descriptions of loop quantum gravity that are accessible to non-physicists.