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Brugia malayi is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm), one of the three causative agents of lymphatic filariasis in humans. Lymphatic filariasis, also known as elephantiasis , is a condition characterized by swelling of the lower limbs.
Brugia is a genus for a group of small roundworms. They are among roundworms that cause the parasitic disease filariasis . [ 1 ] Specifically, of the three species known, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori cause lymphatic filariasis in humans; and Brugia pahangi and Brugia patei infect domestic cats, dogs and other animals.
Lymphatic filariasis is caused by the worms Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. These worms occupy the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes; in chronic cases, these worms can lead to the syndrome of elephantiasis. Loiasis a subcutaneous filariasis is caused by Loa loa (the eye worm).
Brugia malayi; Brugia timori; Wuchereria bancrofti [7] Three other medically important parasitic species are: Loa loa causes Loa loa filariasis also known as Calabar swelling; Mansonella streptocerca, which causes streptocerciasis, an itchy condition that creates depigmented skin lesions sometimes mistaken for the first signs of leprosy.
Wuchereria bancrofti is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm) that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis.It is one of the three parasitic worms, together with Brugia malayi and B. timori, that infect the lymphatic system to cause lymphatic filariasis.
The life cycle of Brugia timori is very similar to that of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi, leading to nocturnal periodicity of the disease symptoms. Eosinophilia is common during acute stages of infection. [citation needed] So far Brugia timori has only been found in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia.
The complete cycle takes 2–6 wk, and is dependent on environmental conditions. The females usually bite around dawn and dusk, although often at other times. Eggs are laid 3–4 d after the blood meal, and about 70-180 eggs are laid each time. Moisture is essential for the vector, and the development of its eggs and larvae.
Roundworms such as Brugia, Wuchereria and Onchocerca are directly transmitted by mosquitoes. [31] [32] In the developing world, the use of contaminated water is a major risk factor for infection. [33] Infection can also take place through the practice of geophagy, which is not uncommon in parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Soil is eaten, for example ...