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Wuchereria bancrofti is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm) that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. It is one of the three parasitic worms, together with Brugia malayi and B. timori, that infect the lymphatic system to cause lymphatic filariasis. These filarial worms are spread by a variety of mosquito vector species.
Lymphatic filariasis is caused by the worms Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. These worms occupy the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes; in chronic cases, these worms can lead to the syndrome of elephantiasis. Loiasis a subcutaneous filariasis is caused by Loa loa (the eye worm).
Wuchereria is a genus of nematodes belonging to the family Onchocercidae. [1] The species of this genus are found in Europe, Northern America, Africa. [1] Species: Wuchereria bancrofti (Cobbold, 1877) Wuchereria kalimantani Palmieri, Purnomo, Dennis & Marwoto, 1980.
Wuchereria bancrofti [7] Three other medically important parasitic species are: Loa loa causes Loa loa filariasis also known as Calabar swelling; Mansonella streptocerca, which causes streptocerciasis, an itchy condition that creates depigmented skin lesions sometimes mistaken for the first signs of leprosy.
The worms are spread by the bites of infected mosquitoes. [2] Three types of worms are known to cause the disease: Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori, with Wuchereria bancrofti being the most common. [2] These worms damage the lymphatic system by nesting within the lymphatic vessels and disrupting the system's normal function.
Elephantiasis tropica (known as lymphatic filariasis), caused by a number of parasitic worms, particularly Wuchereria bancrofti. More than 120 million people, mostly in Africa and Southeast Asia, are affected. [3] Nonfilarial elephantiasis (or podoconiosis), an immune disease affecting the lymph vessels [citation needed] Leishmaniasis [2]
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Adult worms resemble typical nematode roundworms. Long and threadlike, B. malayi and other nematode possess only longitudinal muscles and move in an S-shape motion. [8] Adults are typically smaller than adult W. bancrofti, though few adults have been isolated. Female adult worms (50 mm) are larger than male worms (25 mm). [9]