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Stakeholder theory is a theory of organizational management and business ethics that addresses morals and values in managing an organization. It was originally detailed by Freeman in the book Strategic Management: a Stakeholder Approach, and identifies and models the groups which are stakeholders of a corporation, and both describes and recommends methods by which management can give due ...
Numerous articles and books written on stakeholder theory generally identify Freeman as the "father of stakeholder theory". [14] Freeman's Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach (1984) is widely cited in the field as being the foundation of stakeholder theory, [15] although Freeman himself refers to several bodies of literature used in the development of his approach, including strategic ...
In management, a stakeholder approach is the practice that managers formulate and implement processes that satisfy stakeholders' needs to ensure long-term success. [1] According to the degree of participation of the different groups, the company can take advantage of market imperfections to create valuable opportunities.
The idea that upholding social responsibilities can help a company sustain its profits in the long term has been "part of mainstream management theory at least since the publication of Edward Freeman's 1984 classic, Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach", [3] according to an article by Wayne Norman and Chris MacDonald in 2004. [4]
The origin of stakeholder engagement can be traced back to the 1930s. [5] In 1963, the Stanford Research Institute first defined the concept of stakeholder. [5] In 1984, Edward Freeman’s book Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach was published.
Real stakeholders, labelled stakeholders: genuine stakeholders with a legitimate stake, the loyal partners who strive for mutual benefits. Stake owners own and deserve a stake in the firm. Stakeholder reciprocity could be an innovative criterion in the corporate governance debate as to who should be accorded representation on the board.
Strategic management is not static in nature; the models can include a feedback loop to monitor execution and to inform the next round of planning. [7] [8] [9] Michael Porter identifies three principles underlying strategy: [10] creating a "unique and valuable [market] position" making trade-offs by choosing "what not to do"
Project Relationship Management and the Stakeholder Circle (PDF) (Thesis). Freeman, R E (1984), Strategic Management: a Stakeholder Approach, Pitman Series in Business and Public Policy, Harpercollins College Div; First Edition. ISBN 978-0273019138; A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (7th ed.). Newtown Square, PA ...