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The Birds Directive (formally known as Council Directive 2009/147/EC on the conservation of wild birds) is the oldest piece of EU legislation on the environment and one of its cornerstones [1] which was unanimously adopted in April 1979 as the Directive 79/409/EEC. Amended in 2009, it became the Directive 2009/147/EC.
A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Under the Directive, Member States of the European Union (EU) have a duty to safeguard the habitats of migratory birds and certain particularly threatened birds. Together with special areas of conservation (SACs), the SPAs form ...
It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under the Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive, respectively. The network includes both terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas. The Natura 2000 network covered more than 18% of the European Union's land area and more than 7% of its marine area in 2022. [1]
In Finland, many species are protected under the Nature Conservation Act, and through the EU Habitats Directive and EU Birds Directive. [7] In Germany, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation publishes "red lists of endangered species". India has the Wild Life Protection Act, 1972, Amended 2003 and the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
The Birds Directive established as early as 1979 [46] and the Habitats Directive are pieces of European Union legislation for protection of biodiversity and natural habitats. These protections however only directly cover animals and plants; fungi and micro-organisms have no protection under European Union law. [ 47 ]
This directive is one of the main pillars of the European Union's system of wildlife and nature conservation, another being the Birds Directive. [3] [4] The Habitats Directive, together with the Birds Directive, are also called the "nature directives". [5]
The EU will sign a contract on Tuesday to secure over 40 million doses of a preventative avian flu vaccine for 15 countries with the first shipments heading to Finland, EU officials said on Monday.
European Protected Species (EPS) are species of plants and animals (other than birds) protected by law throughout the European Union. They are listed in Annexes II and IV of the European Habitats Directive. The lists include several hundred species of plants and animals. They do not include any fungi, lichens or birds.