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Geometry (from Ancient Greek γεωμετρία (geōmetría) 'land measurement'; from γῆ (gê) 'earth, land' and μέτρον (métron) 'a measure') [1] is a branch of mathematics concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures. [2]
Greek mathematics constitutes an important period in the history of mathematics: fundamental in respect of geometry and for the idea of formal proof. [44] Greek mathematicians also contributed to number theory, mathematical astronomy, combinatorics, mathematical physics, and, at times, approached ideas close to the integral calculus. [45] [46]
The tetractys. The tetractys (Greek: τετρακτύς), or tetrad, [1] or the tetractys of the decad [2] is a triangular figure consisting of ten points arranged in four rows: one, two, three, and four points in each row, which is the geometrical representation of the fourth triangular number.
The word rhei (ρέι, cf. rheology) is the Greek word for "to stream"; according to Plato's Cratylus, it is related to the etymology of Rhea. πάντοτε ζητεῖν τὴν ἀλήθειαν pántote zeteῖn tḕn alḗtheian
Ancient Greek units of measurement varied according to location and epoch. Systems of ancient weights and measures evolved as needs changed; Solon and other lawgivers also reformed them en bloc . [ citation needed ] Some units of measurement were found to be convenient for trade within the Mediterranean region and these units became ...
It has been speculated that this tradition of Greek "spherics" – founded in the axiomatic system and using the methods of proof of solid geometry exemplified by Euclid's Elements but extended with additional definitions relevant to the sphere – may have originated in a now-unknown work by Eudoxus, who probably established a two-sphere model ...
Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry, Elements. Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms (postulates) and deducing many other propositions ( theorems ) from these.
Geometry (from the Ancient Greek: γεωμετρία; geo-"earth", -metron "measurement") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers . Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions.