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Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip where the angle formed between the head and neck of the femur and its shaft is increased, usually above 135 degrees.. The deformity may develop in children with neuromuscular disorders (i.e. cerebral palsy, spinal dysraphism, poliomyelitis), skeletal dysplasias, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Life expectancy is generally normal. [3] It affects about one per million people. [1] Males and females are equally commonly affected. [5] Modern descriptions of the condition date to at least 1896. [6] The term is from cleido 'collarbone', cranial from Greek κρανίο 'skull', and dysostosis 'formation of abnormal bone'. [7]
Two forms of femoral dysplasia are coxa vara, in which the femur head grows at too narrow an angle to the shaft, and coxa valga, in which the angle is too wide. A rare type, the "Beukes familial hip dysplasia" is found among Afrikaners that are members of the Beukes family. The femur head is flat and irregular.
Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia (CDD), also known as lionitis, is an extremely rare autosomal recessive bone disorder that causes calcium to build up in the skull, disfiguring the facial features and reducing life expectancy. These calcium deposits decrease the size of cranial foramina, and can decrease the circumference of the cervical spinal canal ...
Children born with one or more joint contractures have abnormal fibrosis of the muscle tissue causing muscle shortening, and therefore are unable to perform active extension and flexion in the affected joint or joints. [2] AMC has been divided into three groups: amyoplasia, distal arthrogryposis, and syndromic (is a syndrome or part of a syndrome).
Congenital limb deformities are congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the upper and lower limbs.. An example is polydactyly, where a foot or hand has more than 5 digits.
The disorder progresses with age, but the aforementioned treatments can help prevent or sometimes relieve symptoms. With treatment, individuals with tethered spinal cord syndrome have a normal life expectancy. Studies have shown surgery can help improve low back pain, urinary symptoms leg weakness and walking distance.
Germline mosaicism for OPD1 has been reported, meaning that unaffected parents with an affected child have a slightly increased risk of bearing another. [2] The prevalence of oto-palato-digital syndrome is unknown, [7] but estimated to be below 1 in 100,000. [1]