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In Yevgeny Zamyatin's novel We, the name S-4711 is a reference to the Eau de Cologne. [11] During World War II Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine (navy) issued vast amounts of 4711 perfume to the submariners of the U-boat fleet. As there were limited facilities and few opportunities for bathing, the scent was to be used in an attempt to improve the ...
Wilhelm Mülhens (born 25 June 1762 in Troisdorf and died 6 March 1841 in Köln) was a Cologne perfume designer and manufacturer, and the founder of the Mülhens company, famous for the fragrance "4711".
The original Eau de Cologne is a spirit-citrus perfume launched in Cologne in 1709 by Giovanni Maria Farina (1685–1766), an Italian perfume maker from Santa Maria Maggiore, Valle Vigezzo. In 1708, Farina wrote to his brother Jean Baptiste: "I have found a fragrance that reminds me of an Italian spring morning, of mountain daffodils and orange ...
Cologne (/ k ə ˈ l oʊ n / ⓘ kə-LOHN; German: Köln ⓘ; Kölsch: Kölle ⓘ) is the largest city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and over 3.1 million people in the Cologne Bonn urban region.
Perfume (UK: / ˈ p ɜː f j uː m /, US: / p ər ˈ f j uː m / ⓘ) is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds (fragrances), fixatives and solvents, usually in liquid form, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent. [1]
Sillage (UK: / s iː ˈ j ɑː ʒ /, [1] French: ⓘ) in perfume refers to the trail created by a perfume when it is worn on the skin. It comes from the word in French for "wake" and can best be described as how a fragrance diffuses "in a persons' wake," or, behind the wearer as they move.
The word 'attar' is believed to have been derived from the Persian word itir, [3] which is in turn derived from the Arabic word 'itr (عطر), meaning 'perfume'. [4] [5]The earliest recorded mention of the techniques and methods used to produce essential oils is believed to be that of Ibn al-Baitar (1188–1248), an Al-Andalusian (Muslim Iberia) physician, pharmacist and chemist.
Arpège (pronounced) is a 1927 perfume created by perfumers André Fraysse and Paul Vacher for Jeanne Lanvin and presented to her musician daughter Marie-Blanche on her 30th birthday. [2] [3] Its name is a derivation of the musical term arpeggio. [2] Arpège is considered among the world's classic perfumes. [2]