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An answer to the P versus NP question would determine whether problems that can be verified in polynomial time can also be solved in polynomial time. If P ≠ NP, which is widely believed, it would mean that there are problems in NP that are harder to compute than to verify: they could not be solved in polynomial time, but the answer could be ...
The subset sum problem (SSP) is a decision problem in computer science. In its most general formulation, there is a multiset of integers and a target-sum , and the question is to decide whether any subset of the integers sum to precisely . [1] The problem is known to be NP-complete.
For instance, had been declared as a subset of , with the sets and not necessarily related to each other in any way, then would likely mean instead of . If it is needed then unless indicated otherwise, it should be assumed that X {\displaystyle X} denotes the universe set , which means that all sets that are used in the formula are subsets of X ...
A is a subset of B (denoted ) and, conversely, B is a superset of A (denoted ). In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B.
The subset sum problem is a special case of the decision and 0-1 problems where each kind of item, the weight equals the value: =. In the field of cryptography, the term knapsack problem is often used to refer specifically to the subset sum problem. The subset sum problem is one of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems. [2]
A partition of a set X is a set of non-empty subsets of X such that every element x in X is in exactly one of these subsets [2] (i.e., the subsets are nonempty mutually disjoint sets). Equivalently, a family of sets P is a partition of X if and only if all of the following conditions hold: [3]
For example, {1, 2} is a subset of {1, 2, 3}, and so is {2} but {1, 4} is not. As implied by this definition, a set is a subset of itself. For cases where this possibility is unsuitable or would make sense to be rejected, the term proper subset is defined. A is called a proper subset of B if and only if A is a subset of B, but A is not equal to B.
For example, given the set { −7, −3, −2, 5, 8}, the answer is yes because the subset { −3, −2, 5} sums to zero. The problem is NP-Complete. An equivalent problem is this: given a set of integers and an integer s, does any non-empty subset sum to s? Subset sum can also be thought of as a special case of the knapsack problem.