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According to USCB, the first generation of immigrants is composed of individuals who are foreign-born, which includes naturalized citizens, lawful permanent residents, protracted temporary residents (such as long-staying foreign students and migrant workers, but not tourists and family visitors), humanitarian migrants (such as refugees and asylees), and even unauthorized migrants.
Second-generation immigrants are more educated compared to first generation immigrants, exceeding parental education in many instances. [6] A greater percentage of second-generation immigrants have obtained a level of education beyond a high school diploma, with 59.2% having at least some college education in 2009. [2]
Between 1970 and 2007, the number of first-generation immigrants living in the United States quadrupled from 9.6 million to 38.1 million residents. [9] [10] Census estimates show 45.3 million foreign born residents in the United States as of March 2018 and 45.4 million in September 2021, the lowest three-year increase in decades. [11]
A conservative president jump-started what became a remarkable success story unfolded for undocumented children in the United States.
This means that sociologists define people who move to (in the case of immigrants migrating to the United States) the United States from another society, as adults, as "first generation" immigrants, their American-born children as "second generation" immigrants, and their children in turn as "third generation" immigrants. [8]
Statue of Liberty in New York City. Immigrants make up about 13% of the US population, about 42 million out of a total population of 318.9 million citizens in 2017. [1] First and second generation immigrant children have become the fastest-growing segment of the United States population.
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Immigrants also help fill jobs in the U.S., which was vital during a time of record high employment, which made it harder for businesses to fill job openings they had.