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Latinisation (or Latinization) [1] of names, also known as onomastic Latinisation (or onomastic Latinization), is the practice of rendering a non-Latin name in a modern Latin style. [1] It is commonly found with historical proper names , including personal names and toponyms , and in the standard binomial nomenclature of the life sciences.
This list of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names is intended to help those unfamiliar with classical languages to understand and remember the scientific names of organisms. The binomial nomenclature used for animals and plants is largely derived from Latin and Greek words, as are some of the names used for higher taxa , such ...
Latin nouns can have three genders, masculine, feminine and neuter, and many Latin adjectives will have two or three different endings, depending upon the gender of the noun they refer to. The house sparrow has the binomial name Passer domesticus. Here domesticus ("domestic") simply means "associated with the house".
The Complete Peerage (1913) states concerning the Latinization of English names: [15] "When a clerk had to render a name in a charter he usually sought for the nearest Latin equivalent, sometimes took a correct one, as "de Bello Campo" for "Beauchamp"; sometimes a grotesque one".
Neuter is a Latin adjective meaning "neither", and can refer to: Neuter gender, a grammatical gender, a linguistic class of nouns triggering specific types of inflections in associated words; Neuter pronoun; Neutering, the sterilization of an animal
Latin declension is the set of patterns according to which Latin words are declined—that is, have their endings altered to show grammatical case, number and gender.Nouns, pronouns, and adjectives are declined (verbs are conjugated), and a given pattern is called a declension.
Latin inflection can result in words with much ambiguity: For example, amābit 'he/she/it will love', is formed from amā-, a future tense morpheme -bi-and a third person singular morpheme, -t, the last of which -t does not express masculine, feminine, or neuter gender. A major task in understanding Latin phrases and clauses is to clarify such ...
Latin is a heavily inflected language with largely free word order. Nouns are inflected for number and case; pronouns and adjectives (including participles) are inflected for number, case, and gender; and verbs are inflected for person, number, tense, aspect, voice, and mood.