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Watercolor representing the Second Great Awakening in 1839. The Great Awakening was a series of religious revivals in American Christian history.Historians and theologians identify three, or sometimes four, waves of increased religious enthusiasm between the early 18th century and the late 20th century.
The Third Great Awakening refers to a historical period proposed by William G. McLoughlin that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century. [ 1 ] [ page needed ] It influenced pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism. [ 2 ]
The message of spiritual equality appealed to many enslaved people, and, as African religious traditions continued to decline in North America, black people accepted Christianity in large numbers for the first time. [93] Evangelical leaders in the southern colonies had to deal with the issue of slavery more frequently than those in the North.
The Second Great Awakening exercised a profound impact on American religious history. By 1859 evangelicalism emerged as a kind of national church or national religion and was the grand absorbing theme of American religious life. The greatest gains were made by the very well organized Methodists.
Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society, and Politics in Colonial America Oxford University Press, 1988 online edition Archived 2012-07-21 at the Wayback Machine; Butler, Jon. Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People. 1990. Butler, Jon, et al. Religion in American Life: A Short History (2011) Dolan, Jay P.
The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival during the late 18th to early 19th century in the United States. It spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements.
The Social Gospel was a Christian movement that emerged in late 19th-century America as a response to the obscene levels of inequality in a rapidly industrializing country.
The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements is a non-fiction book authored by the American social philosopher Eric Hoffer.Published in 1951, it depicts a variety of arguments in terms of applied world history and social psychology to explain why mass movements arise to challenge the status quo. [1]