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The chilling requirement of a fruit is the minimum period of cold weather after which a fruit-bearing tree will blossom. It is often expressed in chill hours, which can be calculated in different ways, all of which essentially involve adding up the total amount of time in a winter spent at certain temperatures. [1] [2]
Cold-hardy citrus is citrus with increased frost tolerance and which may be cultivated far beyond traditional citrus growing regions. Citrus species and citrus hybrids typically described as cold-hardy generally display an ability to withstand wintertime temperatures below −5 to −10 °C (23 to 14 °F).
The annual temperature in Japan, for example, has risen at a rate of 0.124 °C per decade from 1898 to 2019, influencing fruit tree flowering times and potentially leading to a physiological disorder known as "flowering disorder" in Japanese pear, which may result from abnormal flowering or dormancy or both. [4]
The term is sometimes used to refer to the need of herbal (non-woody) plants for a period of cold dormancy in order to produce new shoots and leaves, [1] but this usage is discouraged. [2] Many plants grown in temperate climates require vernalization and must experience a period of low winter temperature to initiate or accelerate the flowering ...
Ziziphus mauritiana is a hardy tree that copes with extreme temperatures and thrives under rather dry conditions with an annual rainfall of 6 to 88.5 in (15–225 cm). In Fiji, sometimes naturalised Ber trees grow along roadsides and in agricultural land, usually near sea level but occasionally up to an elevation of about 600 m.
However, the sign of the disease is not as prevalent in temperatures that are higher than 15 degrees Celsius. The reason for the malformation in the Mallika species is due to the cold temperature causing the mango to produce higher than normal levels of ethylene, which is a chemical produced when the mango exhibits either abiotic or biotic ...
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The maximal temperature is 38–40 °C (100–104 °F), with both leaves and fruit being susceptible to scorching and sunburn, [21] [22] while the minimum temperature is 3–5 °C (37–41 °F). [22] Young seedlings prefer a high level of shade and mature trees are shade-tolerant.