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Some of these factors include higher rates of chronic conditions in minor communities, [51] lower rates of prenatal care, [52] and lower rates of insurance coverage. [52] Furthermore, teen pregnancy rates are higher in minority communities, which is a risk factor for pregnancy or birth complications. [52]
A combination of pregnancy-exacerbated hypercoagulability and additional risk factors such as obesity and thrombophilias makes pregnant women vulnerable to thrombotic events [29] T.he prophylactic measures that include the usage of low molecular weight heparin, in fact, can significantly reduce risks associated with surgery, particularly in ...
Teenage pregnancy, also known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in a female under the age of 20. [5] Worldwide, pregnancy complications are the leading cause of death for women and girls 15 to 19 years old. [3] The definition of teenage pregnancy includes those who are legally considered adults in their country. [2]
Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent postpartum bleeding. [165] However, in combination with an underlying hypercoagulable state, the risk of thrombosis or embolism may become substantial. [165]
There is a decreasing susceptibility to malaria with increasing parity, probably due to immunity to pregnancy-specific antigens. [1] Young maternal age and increases the risk. [1] Studies differ whether the risk is different in different trimesters. [1] Limited data suggest that malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax is also more severe during ...
The developing nervous system of the fetus is particularly vulnerable to lead toxicity. Neurological toxicity is observed in children of exposed women as a result of the ability of lead to cross the placental barrier. A special concern for pregnant women is that some of the bone lead accumulation is released into the blood during pregnancy.
A high-risk pregnancy is a pregnancy where the mother or the fetus has an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. No concrete guidelines currently exist for distinguishing “high-risk” pregnancies from “low-risk” pregnancies; however, there are certain studied conditions that have been shown to put the mother or fetus at a higher risk of poor outcomes. [1]
Birth defects may result from genetic or chromosomal disorders, exposure to certain medications or chemicals, or certain infections during pregnancy. [4] Risk factors include folate deficiency, drinking alcohol or smoking during pregnancy, poorly controlled diabetes, and a mother over the age of 35 years old.