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Topical anesthetics are available by prescription or over-the-counter. They are available in sprays, dental paste, dental gels, lozenges, ointments and solutions. Anbesol, Chloraseptic, Orajel and Xylocaine are examples of available anesthetics over-the-counter. Some medications are also given in order to control plaque and gingivitis.
Local anesthetic injections are given in specific areas of the mouth, rather than the whole body. Although several different medications are available, the most commonly used local anesthetic to prevent pain in the area around a tooth is lidocaine (also called xylocaine or lignocaine). Lidocaine's half-life in the body is about 1.5–2 hours. [2]
Xylocaine 1943 (Nils Löfgren and Bengt Lundqvist) 1947 (Torsten Gordh) mepivacaine: Carbocaine, Polocaine 1956 (Ekenstam and Egner) 1957 (Dhuner) meprylcaine: Epirocain metabutoxycaine: nitracaine: Ester- Aminobenzoic orthocaine: oxetacaine (oxethazaine) oxybuprocaine: benoxinate, Novesine Paraethoxycaine [14] phenacaine: Holocaine piperocaine ...
Lidocaine, also known as lignocaine and sold under the brand name Xylocaine among others, is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. [10] It is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation .
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]
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There are many circumstances during dental treatment where antibiotics are prescribed by dentists to prevent further infection (e.g. post-operative infection). The most common antibiotic prescribed by dental practitioners is penicillin in the form of amoxicillin, however many patients are hypersensitive to this particular antibiotic.