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The result, given in cm 3, is called the Trauzl number of the explosive. The Trauzl test is not useful for some modern higher-powered explosives as their power often cracks or otherwise ruptures the lead block, leaving no hole to measure. [2] A variant of the test uses an aluminium block to avoid exposure of participants to lead-related hazards.
Trauzl lead block test: 523 cm 3 (other values: 500 cm 3 when sealed with sand, or 560 cm 3 when sealed with water) Critical diameter (minimal diameter of a rod that can sustain detonation propagation): 0.9 mm for PETN at 1 g/cm 3 , smaller for higher densities (other value: 1.5 mm)
Each block was carefully fitted into a pre-calculated position to approximate a perfect hemisphere. [3] When completed the stack measured 34 feet (10 m) in diameter. [2] Columns were drilled 80 feet (24 m) into the ground at the blast site and then back filled with a coloured soil mix to measure the expected horizontal and vertical displacement.
The abbreviation is not always a short form of the word used in the clue. For example: "Knight" for N (the symbol used in chess notation) Taking this one stage further, the clue word can hint at the word or words to be abbreviated rather than giving the word itself. For example: "About" for C or CA (for "circa"), or RE.
A shaped charge is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Various types are used to penetrate tank armor; typical modern lined shaped charge can penetrate steel armor [ clarification needed ] to a depth of seven or more times the diameter of the charge (charge diameters, CD), though greater depths of 10 CD and ...
Log–log plot comparing the yield (in kilotonnes) and mass (in kilograms) of various nuclear weapons developed by the United States.. The explosive yield of a nuclear weapon is the amount of energy released such as blast, thermal, and nuclear radiation, when that particular nuclear weapon is detonated, usually expressed as a TNT equivalent (the standardized equivalent mass of trinitrotoluene ...
C-4 or Composition C-4 is a common variety of the plastic explosive family known as Composition C, which uses RDX as its explosive agent. C-4 is composed of explosives, plastic binder, plasticizer to make it malleable, and usually a marker or odorizing taggant chemical.
RDX is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers or phlegmatizers (desensitizers); it is the explosive agent in C-4 plastic explosive and a key ingredient in Semtex. It is stable in storage and is considered one of the most energetic and brisant of the military high explosives, [2] with a relative effectiveness factor of 1.60.