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Conditions comorbid to autism. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in early childhood, persists throughout adulthood, and affects two crucial areas of development: social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. [1] There are many conditions comorbid to autism spectrum disorder, such ...
Prenatal viral infection has been called the principal non-genetic cause of autism. Prenatal exposure to rubella or cytomegalovirus activates the mother's immune response and may greatly increase the risk for autism in mice. [71] Congenital rubella syndrome is the most convincing environmental cause of autism. [72]
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder or FASD is a common disorder that can mimic the signs of ASD. Although results from studies are mixed, it is estimated that 2.6% of children with an FASD have an ASD as well, a rate almost two times higher than that reported in the general US population.
The heritability of autism is the proportion of differences in expression of autism that can be explained by genetic variation; if the heritability of a condition is high, then the condition is considered to be primarily genetic. Autism has a strong genetic basis. Although the genetics of autism are complex, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is ...
Epigenetics of autism. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a variety of conditions typically identified by challenges with social skills, communication, speech, and repetitive sensory-motor behaviors. The 11th International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), released in January 2021, characterizes ASD by the associated deficits in the ...
t. e. Diagnoses of autism have become more frequent since the 1980s, which has led to various controversies about both the cause of autism and the nature of the diagnoses themselves. Whether autism has mainly a genetic or developmental cause, and the degree of coincidence between autism and intellectual disability, are all matters of current ...
Cognitive genomics. Cognitive genomics (or neurative genomics) is the sub-field of genomics pertaining to cognitive function in which the genes and non-coding sequences of an organism 's genome related to the health and activity of the brain are studied. By applying comparative genomics, the genomes of multiple species are compared in order to ...
The pathophysiology of autism is the study of the physiological processes that cause or are otherwise associated with autism spectrum disorders. Autism's symptoms result from maturation-related changes in various systems of the brain. [ 1 ] How autism occurs is not yet well understood. Its mechanism can be divided into two areas: the ...