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The formula for change, or the change formula' provides a model to assess the relative strengths affecting the likely success of organisational change programs.The formula was created by David Gleicher while he was working at management consultants Arthur D. Little in the early 1960s, [1] refined by Kathie Dannemiller in the 1980s, [2] and further developed by Steve Cady.
Kurt Lewin. Kurt Lewin (/ lɛˈviːn / lə-VEEN; 9 September 1890 – 12 February 1947) was a German-American psychologist, known as one of the modern pioneers of social, organizational, and applied psychology in the United States. [1] During his professional career, Lewin's academic research and writings focuses on applied research, action ...
Theory of Change. A theory of change (ToC) is an explicit theory of how and why it is thought that a social policy or program activities lead to outcomes and impacts. [1] ToCs are used in the design of programs and program evaluation, across a range of policy areas. Theories of change can be developed at any stage of a program, depending on the ...
Richard Beckhard. Richard Beckhard (1918–1999) was an American organizational theorist, adjunct professor at MIT, and pioneer in the field of organization development. Beckhard co-launched the Addison-Wesley Organization Development Series and began the Organization Development Network in 1967. [1] His classic work, Organization Development ...
Change management (CM) is a discipline that focuses on managing changes within an organization. Change management involves implementing approaches to prepare and support individuals, teams, and leaders in making organizational change. Change management is useful when organizations are considering major changes such as restructure, redirecting ...
This equation is directly related to Lewin's field theory. Field theory is centered around the idea that a person's life space determines their behavior. [2] Thus, the equation was also expressed as B = f (L), where L is the life space. [4] In Lewin's book, he first presents the equation as B = f (S), where behavior is a function of the whole ...
In social science, force-field analysis provides a framework for looking at the factors ("forces") that influence a situation, originally social situations. It looks at forces that are either driving the movement toward a goal (helping forces) or blocking movement toward a goal (hindering forces). The principle, developed by Kurt Lewin, is a ...
t. e. The theory of constraints (TOC) is a management paradigm that views any manageable system as being limited in achieving more of its goals by a very small number of constraints. There is always at least one constraint, and TOC uses a focusing process to identify the constraint and restructure the rest of the organization around it.