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Later, in the Hellenistic period of Ancient Greece, education in a gymn school was considered essential for participation in Greek culture. The value of physical education to the ancient Greeks and Romans has been historically unique. There were two forms of education in ancient Greece: formal and informal.
Detail from Raphael's The School of Athens (1509–1511) The Lyceum (Ancient Greek: Λύκειον, romanized: Lykeion) was a temple in Athens dedicated to Apollo Lyceus ("Apollo the wolf-god" [1]). It was best known for the Peripatetic school of philosophy founded there by Aristotle in 334 BC.
The Academy (Ancient Greek: Ἀκαδημία, romanized: Akadēmía), variously known as Plato's Academy, the Platonic Academy, and the Academic School, [citation needed] was founded at Athens by Plato circa 387 BC. Aristotle studied there for twenty years (367–347 BC) before founding his own school, the Lyceum.
In the city-states of ancient Greece, most education was private, except in Sparta. For example, in Athens, during the 5th and 4th century BC, aside from two years military training, the state played little part in schooling. The first schools in Ancient Rome arose by the middle of the 4th century BC.
Historians have discovered that an ancient Greek inscription on a marble slab in a museum collection is a rare, previously unknown “graduate school yearbook” type list of names.
Aristotle's School, a painting from the 1880s by Gustav Adolph Spangenberg. The Platonic Academy (sometimes referred to as the University of Athens), [32] [33] founded ca. 387 BCE in Athens, Greece, by the philosopher Plato, lasted until 86 BCE, when it was destroyed during Sulla's siege and sacking of Athens. [34]
The Peripatetic school (Ancient Greek: Περίπατος lit. ' walkway ' ) was a philosophical school founded in 335 BC by Aristotle in the Lyceum in ancient Athens . It was an informal institution whose members conducted philosophical and scientific inquiries.
Paideia (/paɪˈdeɪə/; also spelled paedeia; Greek: παιδεία) [1] referred to the rearing and education of the ideal member of the ancient Greek polis or state. These educational ideals later spread to the Greco-Roman world at large, and were called humanitas in Latin.