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Birdshot chorioretinopathy may show resistance to treatment. Immunosuppressant therapy along with oral corticosteroid has been somewhat effective in slowing down the progressive inflammation associated with the disorder, preserving visual integrity as much as possible.
Treatment consists of three phases of immunotherapy: 1. Acute phase: IV steroids (methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg) for 3–5 days or plasmapheresis are given to restore visual function. [3] 2. Intermediate phase: Oral steroids (typically prednisone 1 mg/kg) with taper are given to stabilize vision. [3] 3.
In contrast, white dots appear later in the disease stages of birdshot choroidopathy, serpiginous choroiditis, and acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy. The white dots in these diseases may be present throughout the entire fundus, larger (50 to 500 μm), and tend to clump together.
Chorioretinitis is an inflammation of the choroid (thin pigmented vascular coat of the eye) and retina of the eye. It is a form of posterior uveitis.Inflammation of these layers can lead to vision-threatening complications.
Uveitis is an ophthalmic emergency that requires urgent control of the inflammation to prevent vision loss. Treatment typically involves the use of topical eye drop steroids, intravitreal injection, newer biologics, and treating any underlying disease.
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC or CSCR), also known as central serous retinopathy (CSR), is an eye disease that causes visual impairment, often temporary, usually in one eye. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When the disorder is active it is characterized by leakage of fluid under the retina that has a propensity to accumulate under the central macula.
Currently there is no treatment for this condition, but, it is usually self limiting. [1] Systemic administration of corticosteroids may be advised. [2] Even if the disease is resolved, the enlarged blind spot usually does not return to normal. [5]