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  2. Thermal radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_radiation

    Thermal radiation is the emission of electromagnetic waves from all matter that has a temperature greater than absolute zero. [5] [2] Thermal radiation reflects the conversion of thermal energy into electromagnetic energy. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of random movements of atoms and molecules in matter. It is present in all matter of ...

  3. Radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation

    Thermal radiation is a common synonym for infrared radiation emitted by objects at temperatures often encountered on Earth. Thermal radiation refers not only to the radiation itself, but also the process by which the surface of an object radiates its thermal energy in the form of black-body radiation. Infrared or red radiation from a common ...

  4. Infrared - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared

    Thermal radiation can be emitted from objects at any wavelength, and at very high temperatures such radiation is associated with spectra far above the infrared, extending into visible, ultraviolet, and even X-ray regions (e.g. the solar corona). Thus, the popular association of infrared radiation with thermal radiation is only a coincidence ...

  5. Emissivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emissivity

    The IPCC reports an outgoing thermal radiation flux (OLR) of 239 (237–242) W m-2 and a surface thermal radiation flux (SLR) of 398 (395–400) W m-2, where the parenthesized amounts indicate the 5-95% confidence intervals as of 2015. These values indicate that the atmosphere (with clouds included) reduces Earth's overall emissivity, relative ...

  6. Radiative cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative_cooling

    In the study of heat transfer, radiative cooling [1] [2] is the process by which a body loses heat by thermal radiation.As Planck's law describes, every physical body spontaneously and continuously emits electromagnetic radiation.

  7. Effects of nuclear explosions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_nuclear_explosions

    Intense thermal radiation at the hypocenter forms a nuclear fireball which, if the explosion is low enough in altitude, is often associated with a mushroom cloud. In a high-altitude burst where the density of the atmosphere is low, more energy is released as ionizing gamma radiation and X-rays than as an atmosphere-displacing shockwave.

  8. Black-body radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-body_radiation

    The thermal radiation spontaneously emitted by many ordinary objects can be approximated as blackbody radiation. Of particular importance, although planets and stars (including the Earth and Sun ) are neither in thermal equilibrium with their surroundings nor perfect black bodies, blackbody radiation is still a good first approximation for the ...

  9. Thermal insulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_insulation

    Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, [1] or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body.