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The windmills at Kinderdijk in the village of Kinderdijk, Netherlands is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called sails or blades, by tradition specifically to mill grain (), but in some parts of the English-speaking world, the term has also been extended to encompass windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications.
Wind-powered machines used to grind grain and pump water — the windmill and wind pump — were developed in what is now Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan by the 9th century. [1][2] Wind power was widely available and not confined to the banks of fast-flowing streams, or later, requiring sources of fuel.
A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind. [1][2][3][4][5] This rotating cap on a firm masonry base gave tower mills great advantages over earlier post mills, as they could stand much higher, bear larger sails, and ...
Wind Power Density (WPD) is a quantitative measure of wind energy available at any location. It is the mean annual power available per square meter of swept area of a turbine, and is calculated for different heights above ground. Calculation of wind power density includes the effect of wind velocity and air density.
The Kinderdijk windmills are a group of 19 monumental windmills in the Alblasserwaard polder, in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. Most of the mills are part of the village of Kinderdijk in the municipality of Molenlanden, and one mill, De Blokker, is part of the municipality of Alblasserdam. Built in 1738 and 1740, to keep water out ...
Windmills standing today in Tyne and Wear, historic windmills are listed under Co Durham or Northumberland as appropriate. Location. Name of mill and. grid reference. Type. Maps. First mention. or built. Last mention.
Windmill Location Type Built Notes Image Flowerdew Hundred Mill Flowerdew Hundred: 1612 [12] Flowerdew Hundred Mill: Flowerdew Hundred Post: 1978 [13] Robertson Mill Williamsburg: Post: 1621 [14] Standing in 1723. [14] Robertson Mill: Williamsburg Post [13] Buckner's Mill Yorktown: Smock 1711 [15] Destroyed by tornado in late 19th century Akers ...
Post mill. The post mill is the earliest type of European windmill. Its defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single central vertical post. The vertical post is supported by four quarter bars. These are struts that steady the central post. The body of the windmill can be turned around the ...