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  2. Hyperkalemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperkalemia

    Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium (K +) in the blood. [6] [1] Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels above 5.5 mmol/L defined as hyperkalemia. [3] [4] Typically hyperkalemia does not cause symptoms. [1] Occasionally when severe it can cause palpitations, muscle pain, muscle weakness ...

  3. Diabetic nephropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_nephropathy

    Three classes of diabetes medications – GLP-1 agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors– are also thought to slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy. [ 12 ] Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease and is a serious complication that affects approximately one quarter of adults with diabetes in the ...

  4. Ketoacidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketoacidosis

    The most common cause of ketoacidosis is a deficiency of insulin in type 1 diabetes or late-stage type 2 diabetes. This is called diabetic ketoacidosis and is characterized by hyperglycemia, dehydration and metabolic acidosis. Other electrolyte disturbances such as hyperkalemia and hyponatremia may also be present.

  5. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrogenic_diabetes_insipidus

    Both cause excessive urination (hence the similarity in name), but whereas diabetes insipidus is a problem with the production of antidiuretic hormone (neurogenic diabetes insipidus) or the kidneys' response to antidiuretic hormone (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus), diabetes mellitus causes polyuria via osmotic diuresis, due to the high blood ...

  6. Diabetic ketoacidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_ketoacidosis

    Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur in those previously known to have diabetes mellitus type 2 or in those who on further investigations turn out to have features of type 2 diabetes (e.g. obesity, strong family history); this is more common in African, African-American and Hispanic people. [21]

  7. Hyperglycemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperglycemia

    The degradation of triacylglycerides by hormone-sensitive lipase produces free fatty acids that are eventually converted to acetyl-coA by beta-oxidation. [ citation needed ] Ketoacidosis is a life-threatening condition which requires immediate treatment.